1881 - 1900 The Scramble for Africa

1881-1927 Gottlieb Immanuel Bauer Glenk, Helmut, with Blaich, Horst, & Gatter, Peer Shattered Dreams at Kilimanjaro Gottlieb Bauer
1882 The first European to record a sighting of Meru Else, David Trekking in East Africa Gustav Fischer
1882 Farler describes the Ngorongoro Crater Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Ven J.P. Farler
Ngorongoro
1882 Ol Doinyo Lengai Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Ol Doinyo Lengai
Gustav Fischer
1882 The Farler Map Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Dorobo
Ven J.P. Farler
Maps
1883 The first European to record a sighting of Meru Else, David Trekking in East Africa Joseph Thomson
1883 The Fischer Map Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Gustav Fischer
Maps
1883 next to attempt the ascent in 1883 Dundas, Charles Kilimanjaro and its People Joseph Thomson
1883 G.A. Fischer Nyamweru, Celia Oldoinyo Lengai Web Site Gustav Fischer
Ol Doinyo Lengai
1883 Joseph Thompson Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Joseph Thomson
1883-6 Clearing Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Rinderpest
1883 July 5 First 'sighting' Gillman, Clement An Annotated List of Ancient and Modern Indigenous Stone Structures in Eastern Africa Gustav Fischer
Engaruka
1884 Sighting of Kilimanjaro. Amin, Mohamed; Willetts, Duncan and Marshall, Peter Journey Through Tanzania Henry Hamilton Johnston
Kilimanjaro
1884 Carl Peters forms the Society for German Colonisation editors East Africa Dr. Karl Peters
German Colonial Association
1884 'ruga-ruga' Ngoni
Ruga Ruga
Henry Morton Stanley
1884 In the south Smith
1884 Orderly appropriation of Africa Slavery
Berlin Conference
1884-1897 'the Man with Blood on his Hands' Dr. Karl Peters
Sultan Mangungu
August 1884 Sir Harry Johnston Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Marangu
Henry Hamilton Johnston
1884 November 4 arrives in Zanzibar Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Dr. Karl Peters
1885 Tanganyika came under German influence Dr. Karl Peters
Zanzibar
1885 First mission station Bishop James Hannington
Anglican Church
1885 Publishes: Thomson, Joseph Through Maasailand: To the Central African Lakes and Back Joseph Thomson
1885 Rindi of the Chagga Moshi
1885 German Protectorate 1885 (shaded) Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania German East Africa
1885-1888 GEA Administrator Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Dr. Karl Peters
1885-1898 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors Dr. Karl Peters
1885 May 1 Sir Lloyd W. Mathews Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Sir Lloyd W Mathews
1886 A partition was agreed in 1886 Briggs, Philip Guide to Tanzania Queen Victoria
Kilimanjaro: Border
Kaiser Wilhelm
1886 the great yarn lingers on Hodd, Michael (Editor) 1995 East African Handbook Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1886 Continued English disdain for Germany Bechky, Allen Adventuring in East Africa Dr. Karl Peters
Kaiser Wilhelm
Queen Victoria
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1886 The well known story of the gift of Mount Kilimanjaro Sibley, Major J.R. Tanganyikan Guerrilla: East African campaign 1914-18 Kilimanjaro: Border
1886 governments of Germany and Britain agree Else, David Trekking in East Africa Kaiser Wilhelm
Queen Victoria
Kilimanjaro: Border
1886 the Switzerland of Africa Baker, Richard St. Barbe Africa Drums Kilimanjaro: Border
Kaiser Wilhelm
Queen Victoria
1886 German East Africa 1886-1918 Dr. Karl Peters
1886 Anglo-German Partition Agreement German East Africa
1886 Wilhelm likes everything that is high and big Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania Kilimanjaro: Border
1886 Kilimanjaro and Mombasa Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania Kilimanjaro: Border
1886-1918 German East Africa 1886-1918 Rupee
German East Africa
1886-1918 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors German East Africa
June 1886 German Map of June 1886 with the German proposal of a demarcation line from Mombasa to the North Eastern corner of Lake Victoria Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania Kilimanjaro: Border
October 1886 British Map of October 1886 Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania Kilimanjaro: Border
1887 the first man to climb Kibo Amin, Mohamed; Willetts, Duncan and Marshall, Peter Journey Through Tanzania Hans Meyer
1887 The first European to record a sighting of Meru Else, David Trekking in East Africa Count Samuel Teleki
1887 This first conquest of Kibo Dundas, Charles Kilimanjaro and its People Count Samuel Teleki
1887 Emin Pasha Emin Pasha
1887 Count Teleki and Lieut. Hoehnel Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Lieut. Hoehnel
Count Samuel Teleki
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1887 Hans Meyer made his first attempt Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Hans Meyer
Herr von Eberstein
1887 The First Ascent in 1889 Africa Travel Resource Kilimanjaro Hans Meyer
1887-1961 CHAPTER II THE PROVISION OF EDUCATION FOR EUROPEANS Nettelbeck, David A history of Arusha School, Tanzania Tanganyika
1887-1963 Meru Mangi Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha pre 1939
1887 Aug This first conquest of Kibo Dundas, Charles Kilimanjaro and its People Hans Meyer
1888 Germany acquired the right of collecting duties Germany
1888 Armed opposition Bushiri bin Salim
Captain Hermann von Wissmann
1888 The First Ascent in 1889 Africa Travel Resource Kilimanjaro Ludwig Purtscheller
1888,1889 Abbott's Duiker Rushby and Swynnerton Tanganyika Notes and Records No. 22 Dr. W.L. Abbott
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1888-1891 Commissioner Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Captain Hermann von Wissmann
1888-1891 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors Captain von Wissmann
23 March 1888 The Germans at Kilimanjaro Schneppen, Heinz Why Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania Heinrich Hessel
Moshi
1888 September 3 The IBEAC receives a royal charter Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania IBEAC
1889 The first Europeans to discover Kilimanjaro CD Groliers Encyclopedia Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1889 This first conquest of Kibo Dundas, Charles Kilimanjaro and its People Ludwig Purtscheller
Kilimanjaro
Hans Meyer
1889 Colonial geography Ludwig Purtscheller
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Hans Meyer
1889 Dr. Abbott and Mr. Ehlers Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Dr. W.L. Abbott
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Ehlers
1889 The Old Man of Mt. Kilimanjaro Paramount Chief Marealle
Hans Meyer
Yohani Kinyala Lauwo
Kilimanjaro
1889 Benham's ascent of Mount Kilimanjaro (3) Howgego, Raymond John Gertrude Emily Benham (1867-1938) English mountaineer, traveller and collector Hans Meyer
1889 Ethiopian Mount Olympus Stedman, Henry Kilimanjaro - A Trekking Guide to Africa's Highest Mountain; Includes City Guides to Arusha, Moshi, Marangu, Nairobi and Dar Es Salaam Hans Meyer
1889 notwithstanding all the toil Stedman, Henry Kilimanjaro - A Trekking Guide to Africa's Highest Mountain; Includes City Guides to Arusha, Moshi, Marangu, Nairobi and Dar Es Salaam Hans Meyer
5 October 1889 Purtscheller and Meyer Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Hans Meyer
Ludwig Purtscheller
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
6 Oct 1889 Hans Meyer family plans homage expedition Paramount Chief Marealle
Kibo Hotel
Kilimanjaro
Hans Meyer
1890 Tanganyika came under German influence Germany
1890 'Mother' of coffee culture Coffee
1890 Travell to the North Count Adolf von Gotzen
1890 'Heligoland Treaty', Heligoland Treaty
Kilimanjaro: Border
1890 Armed opposition Kilwa
Chief of the Yao Machemba
Bwana Heri
Hassan bin Omari Makunganya
1890 Tom von Prince Chief of the Yao Machemba
1890 Mountain of Dreams - Kilimanjaro Ward, Clive & Boy, Gordon & Allan, Iain Snowcaps on the Equator: The Fabled Mountains of East and Central Africa Kilimanjaro: Border
1890-1892 Colonial geography Lake Eyasi
Lake Manyara
Dr. Oscar Baumann
1890s Droughts Koponen, Juhani Population: A Dependent Variable Drought
1890s Maasai CD Encarta Maasai
1890s Famine and smallpox Koponen, Juhani Population: A Dependent Variable Smallpox
1890s Clearing Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Warusha and WaMeru
1890's Droughts Koponen, Juhani Population: A Dependent Variable Locusts
1890's Rinderpest removed the Masai and their cattle Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Rinderpest
1890's Famine and smallpox Koponen, Juhani Population: A Dependent Variable Famine
Rinderpest
Maasai
1890-2 Rinderpest struck East Africa in 1890 Sinclair, A.R.E and Norton-Griffiths, M (Editors) Serengeti: Dynamics of an Ecosystem Rinderpest
1891 Dar es Salaam Bagamayo
1891 administered by the German . . . Hughes, A.J. East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda German East Africa
1891 The first railway in the colony Iliffe, J.A. Tanganyika under German Rule 1905-1912 Railways
1891 Do be reasonable Russell, Mary The Blessings of a Good Thick Skirt: Women Travellers and their World May French Sheldon
Kilimanjaro: before 1900
1891 to study the native habits and customs Russell, Mary The Blessings of a Good Thick Skirt: Women Travellers and their World Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Maasai
May French Sheldon
1891 BeBe Bwana Russell, Mary The Blessings of a Good Thick Skirt: Women Travellers and their World May French Sheldon
1891 A wild riotous performance by utterly nude fellows Russell, Mary The Blessings of a Good Thick Skirt: Women Travellers and their World May French Sheldon
1891 More revolt Nyamwezi
Lieutenant von Zelewski
Maji-Maji
Paramount Chief Mkwawa
1891 Tom von Prince Chief of Kibosho Sina
1891 Literature of East Africa containing references to Kilimanjaro Fosbrooke, H.A. The Early Exploration of Kilimanjaro: A Bibliographical Note Kilimanjaro: before 1900
Hans Meyer
1891 - 1893 Governor Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Count Adolf von Gotzen
1891-1893 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors Julius von Soden
1891-2 Clearing Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Rinderpest
1892 Ngurdoto, like the famous Ngorongoro Matthiessen, Peter The Tree Where Man Was Born Ngorongoro
1892 First German, Dr. Baumann, to reach Serengeti in 1882 Lindblad, Lisa and Sven-Olof The Serengeti; Land of Endless Space Lake Ndutu
Lake Eyasi
Dr. Oscar Baumann
Lake Manyara
1892 Oscar Baumann reported no trace of animals in the area Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Manyara National Park
1892 The entire [Tanzanian] national stock [of sisal plants] was propagated editors East Africa Sisal
1892 Introduction of Sisal Moffett, J.P. (Editor) Tanganyika: A Review of its Resources and their Development Sisal
Dr. Hindorf
1892 A brief chronology Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Dr. Oscar Baumann
1892 The Baumann Map Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Maps
Railways
Dr. Oscar Baumann
1892 Dr. Oscar Baumann
Maps
1892 March 18 + Baumann then climbed up the steep walls Turner, Myles My Serengeti Years Dr. Oscar Baumann
1892 March 18 1892 March 18 First overseas traveller Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Dr. Oscar Baumann
1892 March Baumann then climbed up the steep walls Turner, Myles My Serengeti Years Ndutu
13 March 1892 Mbugwe
1892 March 18 At noon on the 18th March, 1892 NCCA, (Editors) Ngorongoro's Animal Life Dr. Oscar Baumann
1892 March 18 'We pushed on through the mountain woods, . . . Turner, Myles My Serengeti Years Dr. Oscar Baumann
1893 page 25 of TNR No. 17 Sisal
1893 Sisal was introduced into Tanganyika from Mexico in 1893 Gordon-Brown, A (Editor) The Year Book and Guide to East Africa (1953) Sisal
1893 Sisal Samler Brown , A and Gordon Brown, G (Editors) South and East African Year Book and Guide for 1920, 26th issue Sisal
1893 How Tanga survived the �Ice Cream War" Sisal
1893 - 1895 Governor Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Colonel Friedich von Schele
1893-1895 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors Colonel Friedich von Schele
1893-1961 Tanzania mapping agencies McIlwaine, John Maps and Mapping of Africa: A Resource Guide Maps
1893-95 The red locust plague Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Locusts
1893 May 30 Construction begins of the Central Railway Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Chief Engineer Bernhardt
Railways
1894 Oscar Baumann�s book, Durch Masailand Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Dr. Oscar Baumann
Maasai
1894 Oscar Baumann reported no trace of animals in the area Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Dr. Oscar Baumann
1894 More revolt Tom Prince
1894 Saifi Soda Fountain Tanga
1894 "Were there two Arusha Hotels in the early Nineties?" Goodall Bloom
Jane Bloom
Arusha: Bloom's Hotel
1894-1911 the country's infrastructure Railways
1894 December The IBEAC is bought out by the British government Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania IBEAC
1895 Protectorate proclaimed editors East Africa British East Africa
1895 The 'Iron Ring' of Land Alienation Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha pre 1939
1895-1896 Governor Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Captain Hermann von Wissmann
1895-1896 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors Captain von Wissmann
1896 Missionary murder Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Warusha and WaMeru
1896 Trade Rupee
1896~ Diocese of Eastern Equatorial Africa Arusha: Christ Church
1896-1901 Governor Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania General Eduard von Liebert
1896-1901 German East Africa 1886-1918: Deutsch Ostafrika's Governors General Eduard von Liebert
1896-97 expeditions through Masailand Gillman, Clement An Annotated List of Ancient and Modern Indigenous Stone Structures in Eastern Africa Dr. Kaiser
Engaruka
1896 April 1 Tanga-Muheza section of the Central Railway commences Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Railways
1896-7 expeditions through Masailand Gillman, Clement An Annotated List of Ancient and Modern Indigenous Stone Structures in Eastern Africa Dr. Scoeller
19 October 1896 Kurt Johannes approaches the Arusha Skinner, Annabel Tanzania & Zanzibar Kurt Johannes
Arusha pre 1939
1897 The first taxation ordinance was issued in 1897 Iliffe, J.A. Tanganyika under German Rule 1905-1912 Tax
1897 German East Africa and Fijian coins and bank notes: Balson, Scott German East Africa Coin and Notes - von Lettow Vorbeck Collectibles Dar es Salaam
1897-1900 Clearing Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Rinderpest
1897-1903 Railway is completed to Korogwe Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Railways
1897-1903 plantation initiated. Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Coffee
Sisal
1898 arrival of the sand-flea or jigger-flea Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Dr. Oscar Baumann
1898 to Kilimanjaro and Meru Iliffe, J.A. Tanganyika under German Rule 1905-1912 Railways
1898 Ost-Afrikanisches Schutzgebiet Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Maps
1898 the WaArusha Skinner, Annabel Tanzania & Zanzibar Pastoralists
Wameru People
Waarusha
1898 Glaciology Africa Travel Resource Kilimanjaro Hans Meyer
1899 A brief chronology Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Adolph Siedentopf
1899 Construction of the boma Skinner, Annabel Tanzania & Zanzibar Arusha pre 1939
Arusha: Boma
1899 Researching Siedentopfs Adolph Siedentopf
1899~ Influx of traders and farmers Skinner, Annabel Tanzania & Zanzibar Boer Trekkers
Arusha pre 1939
1899~ At the close of the century Dar es Salaam
Stuhlmann
1899 April 7 'Usambara Linie' Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania Railways
1900 Although small, Arusha is as well known as Dar es Salaam Luhikula, Gratian Tourist Guide to Tanzania Arusha pre 1939
1900 Hans Meyer observed the sand-flea ravages among the Masai settlers Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Jigger-flea (or Sand-flea)
Hans Meyer
1900 Publishes: Kjekshus, Helge Ecology Control and Economic Development in East African History Helge Kjekshus
1900 Mto-wa-Mbu was tribal no-man's land Douglas-Hamilton, Iain and Oria Among the Elephants Maasai
Mbulu people
Mto-wa-Mbu
1900 Publishes: Meyer, Hans Der Kilimanjaro Hans Meyer
1900 Arusha origins Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Arusha: Clock Tower
Arusha pre 1939
Arusha: Temi River
Arusha: Boma
1900 The early Chagga have left their mark Fosbrooke, H.A. and Sassoon, H Archeological Remains on Kilimanjaro Longoro
Paramount Chief Marealle
Chagga
Kilimanjaro
Kibosho
Marangu
1900 b. THE VISION OF BISHOP CHAMBERS: Nettelbeck, David A history of Arusha School, Tanzania CMS
1900 An Evolution of a Hunting Hub Arusha pre 1939
1900 Land Alienation on Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha
Mount Meru
1900 Arusha Settlement Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha
1900 Distribution of Meru Clans Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Mount Meru
Arusha
1900 Rainfall and Topography of Mount Meru Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Weather
Mount Meru
Arusha
1900 Lutheran Missions Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha
1900~ Great North Road Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha: Boma
Arusha pre 1939
Great North Road
1900~ Voortrekkers Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Boer Trekkers
1900~ Brutal German punitive expeditions followed the murder Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Warusha and WaMeru
Boer Trekkers
1900~ Arusha Town Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Arusha pre 1939
1900~ Lupa Goldrush Latham, Gwynneth and Latham, Michael Kilimanjaro Tales Arusha pre 1939
Boer Trekkers
Gwynneth Latham
Maasai
1900~ William Kiasa Rupee Rupee
1900~+ Fourie, A.P.de K. Fosbrooke, Henry Ngorongoro: The Eighth Wonder Babati
A.P.de K. Fourie
Boer Trekkers
1900+ Ngurdoto, like the famous Ngorongoro Matthiessen, Peter The Tree Where Man Was Born Ngurdoto Crater
Arusha National Park
Ngorongoro
1900-1916 The first commercial area Fosbrooke, Henry Arusha Integrated Regional Development Plan Arusha: Clock Tower
Arusha: New Arusha Hotel
Arusha: Boma
Arusha pre 1939
1900-1916 Boma and Chiefs: 1900-1916 Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Kurt Johannes
First Lieutenant Georg K�ster
Arusha: Boma
John Boyes
Baron Lugwig Friedrich von Reitzenstein
Arusha pre 1939
1900-1950 APPENDIX M TRIBUTE TO RT. REV. WILLIAM WYNN-JONES. Nettelbeck, David A history of Arusha School, Tanzania William Wynn-Jones
1900-1963 Arusha Mangi Spear, Thomas Mountain Farmers, Moral Economies of Land and Agricultural Development in Arusha and Meru Arusha pre 1939
1900's The Rupee Iliffe, J.A. Tanganyika under German Rule 1905-1912 German East Africa
1900's Researching Volga-deutsch Volga-Deutsch