Historical Dictionary of Tanzania

Historical Dictionary of Tanzania

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger

1997

Reviews

Review of the first edition by Darch (entry no 152) says:

"Part of a much-criticized series which will eventually cover all the countries of Africa. Apart from the alphabetically-arranged entries which constitute the body of the work, this volume includes such extras as lists of the sultans of Kilwa (with no indication that the chronology has been the subject of much debate), of the sultans of Zanzibar, the Governors of German-East Africa, and the consuls-general of and residents in Zanzibar. There is also a general chronology, a brief introduction, and a detailed bibliography organized by subject (p. 256-331). The level of historical analysis in the main entries is not of the highest order. Kurtz describes the Zimba as 'not a tribe but a way of life'; indeed, she uses the concept of the 'tribe in an uncritical and at the same time inconsistent way throughout the work - the Zaramo, for instance, 'do some Makonde carvings [ ]'. She accepts colonialist terminology - the Mbunga 'were pacified by the German administration'. As with other works in the series, there are no sources given for individual entries, and there is no systematic cross-referencing. Contemporary political economy is given undue emphasis for a supposedly historical work - there are numerous entries on such modern figures as Oscar Kambona, Rashidi Kawawa and Bernadette Kunambi."

Book ID 202

professor of political science

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Extract Date: 1997

See also

Extract ID: 1271

Dr. Yeager is professor of political science and adjunct professor of African History at West Virginia University.

senior analyst

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Extract Date: 1997

See also

Extract ID: 1218

[Ofcansky, Thomas P] is currently senior analyst for East Africa in the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency.

DOAG

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

See also

Extract ID: 1188

Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gessellschaft - German East Africa Company

LEGCO

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

See also

Extract ID: 1210

LEGislative Council

TT

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

See also

Extract ID: 1258

Tanganyika Territory

refugees and Maji-Maji

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 101

Extract Date: 1905

See also

Extract ID: 1200

Supported schemes to establish Afrikaner refugees from the South African Boer War and poor Germans from Russia on the foothills of Mount Meru.

Gotzen refused to allow European settlers to buy their farms until the land had been cultivated. He is best remembered for his brutal supression of the Maji-Maji Rebellion. While fighting the rebels, Gotzen implemented a scorched-earth policy in southern GEA which caused the destruction of a region the size of Germany. During this campaign more than 100,000 men, women and children died as a result of famine and disease.

Population

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 21

Extract Date: 1959

See also

Extract ID: 12

Population 10,000

Mutiny

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 21

Extract Date: 1964 January 21

See also

Extract ID: 1250

The Second Battalion Tanganyika Rifles also mutinied in Tabora.

Marines land at Dar es Salaam

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 21

Extract Date: 1964 January 25

See also

Extract ID: 1251

600 British Marines landed at Dar es Salaam and quickly restored order.

Population

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 21

Extract Date: 1977

See also

Extract ID: 13

Population 100,000

Population If it reflects Tanzania's 11 percent average annual rate . . .

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 21

Extract Date: 1988

See also

Extract ID: 14

Population 134,708.

If it reflects Tanzania's 11 percent average annual rate of urbanisation, Arusha's population may have exceeded 350,000 by the early 1990's.

Administrators

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 35

Extract Date: 1916-1961

See also

Extract ID: 1382

Administrators

1916-20 Sir Horace Archer Byatt

Governors

1920-24 Sir Horace Archer Byatt

1925-31 Sir Donald Charles Cameron

1931-34 Lieut-Col Sir G.S.Symes

1934-38 Sir H MacMichael

1938-41 Sir Mark A. Young

1941-45 Sir Wilfred E.F. Jackson

1945-49 Sir William D Battershill

1949-58 Sir Edward Francis Twining

1958-61 Sir Richard Turnbull

Britain - Tanzania Society

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 35

See also

Extract ID: 29

Created Jan 75. Has a bulletin about three times a year. 1995 had 600 members in UK and 200 in Tanzania.

GEA Administrator

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 97

Extract Date: 1885-1888

See also

Extract ID: 1221

[Peters, Dr. Karl] GEA Administrator

Commissioner

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 97

Extract Date: 1888-1891

See also

Extract ID: 1268

[von Wissmann, Captain Hermann] GEA Commissioner and Military Commander (Jan to Feb 1891)

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 97

Extract Date: 1891 - 1893

See also

Extract ID: 1267

[von Gotzen, Count Adolf] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1893 - 1895

See also

Extract ID: 1266

[von Schele, Colonel Friedich] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1895-1896

See also

Extract ID: 1269

[von Wissmann, Captain Hermann] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1896-1901

See also

Extract ID: 1263

[von Liebert, General Eduard] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1901-1906

See also

Extract ID: 1199

[Gotzen, Count Adolf von] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1906-1912

See also

Extract ID: 1265

[von Rechenberg, Baron Albrecht] GEA Governor

Governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: 98

Extract Date: 1912-1918

See also

Extract ID: 1232

[Schnee, Heinrich] GEA Governor

IBEAC

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xiv

See also

Extract ID: 1205

Imperial British East Africa Company

Representatives of the UMCA arrive in Zanzibar

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xix

Extract Date: 1864 August 31

See also

Extract ID: 1260

Bishop William G. Tozer and Dr. Edward Steere, the first representative of the UMCA, arrive in Zanzibar.

Telegraphic cable from Aden to Zanzibar

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xix

Extract Date: 1879 December 25

See also

Extract ID: 1274

Eastern Telegraph Company completes a telegraphic cable from Aden to Zanzibar. Two days later, telegraphic communication is established between Zanzibar and Europe.

arrives in Zanzibar

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xix

Extract Date: 1884 November 4

See also

Extract ID: 1220

[Peters, Dr. Karl] arrives in Zanzibar.

Sir Lloyd W. Mathews

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xix

Extract Date: 1885 May 1

See also

Extract ID: 1212

Sir Lloyd W. Mathews, with a 180-man force, travels from Zanzibar to the interior and claims a protectorate for Zanzibar at Mount Kilimanjaro.

Original Khoi-San hunters and gatherers are disturbed

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1000 BC

See also

Extract ID: 1202

Original Khoi-San hunters and gatherers are disturbed by pastoral Cushistic migrations from Ethiopia.

Bantu Settlements predominate in Western Tanganyika

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1000-1300

See also

Extract ID: 1204

Bantu Settlements predominate in Western Tanganyika, with a mixture of Bantu, Cushitic and Nilotic peoples occurring in the central and northern areas.

Pedro Alvares Cabral arrives

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1500 July 26

See also

Extract ID: 31

Pedro Alvares Cabral, in command of six Portuguese ships, arrives at Kilwa.

Vasco da Gama pays a second visit to Kilwa

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1502, July 14

See also

Extract ID: 1185

In command of 10 ships, Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama pays a second visit to Kilwa and, on behalf of Portugal, imposes liability to tribute.

Francisco de Almedia storms Kilwa

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1505 July 24

See also

Extract ID: 1187

Francisco de Almedia, in command of eight Portuguese ships, storms Kilwa and subsequently begins construction of a fort.

Pastoral Maasai peoples expand into northern Tanganyika

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 1700-1850

See also

Extract ID: 1211

Pastoral Maasai peoples expand into northern Tanganyika and dominate large areas of the eastern Rift Valley, highlands and plains.

In-migration of West African Bantu-speaking agriculturalists begins.

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xvii

Extract Date: 0-1000 AD

See also

Extract ID: 1203

In-migration of West African Bantu-speaking agriculturalists begins. Arab and Persian merchants create settlements in coastal and offshore island locations.

A US consulate opens in Zanzibar

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xviii

Extract Date: 1837 March 17

See also

Extract ID: 1273

A US consulate opens in Zanzibar

Rebmann first sights Mount Kilimanjaro.

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xviii

Extract Date: 1848 May 11

See also

Extract ID: 1230

Johannes Rebmann, a European missionary, first sights Mount Kilimanjaro.

trading centre is established at Tabora

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xviii

Extract Date: 1852

See also

Extract ID: 1235

An Arab trading centre is established at Tabora in central Tanganyika.

The IBEAC receives a royal charter

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xx

Extract Date: 1888 September 3

See also

Extract ID: 1206

Construction begins of the Central Railway

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xx

Extract Date: 1893 May 30

See also

Extract ID: 27

Chief Engineer Bernhardt arrives at Tanga and begins construction of the Central Railway.

The IBEAC is bought out by the British government

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1894 December

See also

Extract ID: 1207

Tanga-Muheza section of the Central Railway commences

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1896 April 1

See also

Extract ID: 1222

The Tanga-Muheza section of the Central Railway commences operation

plantation initiated.

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1897-1903

See also

Extract ID: 1234

... plantation of Sisal, Coffee and rubber is initiated.

Railway is completed to Korogwe

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1897-1903

See also

Extract ID: 1223

..the Tanga Railway is completed to Korogwe.

'Usambara Linie'

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1899 April 7

See also

Extract ID: 1225

The German Government, the DOAG, and the 'Usambara Linie' railway company sign an agreement whereby Berlin acquires the railway and its assets for 1,300,000 marks

The German government founds Company to operate the Tanga line

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1905 April 6

See also

Extract ID: 1224

The German government founds the German Colonial Railway Construction and Administration Company to operate the Tanga line.

first civilian governor

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1907

See also

Extract ID: 1264

[von Rechenberg, Baron Albrecht]... GEA's first civilian governor

extension to Moshi officially opens

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1912 February 7

See also

Extract ID: 1226

The Tanga Railway's extension to Moshi officially opens.

British forces occupy Dar es Salaam

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1916 September 4

See also

Extract ID: 1186

Civil administrator

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1919 January 31

See also

Extract ID: 30

[Byatt, Sir Horace] becomes civil administrator of the territory occupied by British troops.

British civil administration assumes responsibility

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1919 April 1

See also

Extract ID: 1227

British civil administration assumes responsibility for all mainland Railways.

Versailles peace talks

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1919 May 7

See also

Extract ID: 1236

The Supreme Council at the Versailles peace talks allocates all of GEA to the UK under mandate. Belgium, which still occupies Ruanda-Urundi, protests the decision.

UK cedes the Ruannda-Urundi to Belgium

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1919 May 31

See also

Extract ID: 1237

To prevent a rift between the two nations, the UK cedes the Ruannda-Urundi portion of GEA to Belgium

Germany renounces all claims

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1919 June 28

See also

Extract ID: 1238

Germany renounces all claims to GEA.

Tanganyika Territory

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1920 January 10

See also

Extract ID: 1240

GEA renamed Tanganyika Territory (TT)

Belgium cedes Kigoma District

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1921 March 21

See also

Extract ID: 1239

Belgium cedes Kigoma District to Tanganyika Territory

Indian rupee

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1921 July 23

See also

Extract ID: 1241

The Indian rupee ceases to be legal tender in TT.

East African shilling

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxi

Extract Date: 1922 January 1

See also

Extract ID: 1242

The Metallica Currency Ordinance establishes the East African shilling as legal tender in TT.

Slavery outlawed

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxii

Extract Date: 1922 June 16

See also

Extract ID: 1243

Colonial authorities enact the Involuntary Servitude (Abolition) Ordinance, which outlaws Slavery throughout TT.

taxes

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxii

Extract Date: 1923 April 1

See also

Extract ID: 1244

British Authorities impose African hut and poll taxes..

The Moshi-Arusha portion is opened

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxii

Extract Date: 1929 December 13

See also

Extract ID: 1228

The Moshi-Arusha portion of the Tanga Railway is opened to traffic.

Detention

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxii

Extract Date: 1939 September 3

See also

Extract ID: 1245

The British Authorities detain all German Nationals and place their assets under a custodian.

'Zinjanthropus'

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiii

Extract Date: 1959 July 17

See also

Extract ID: 1275

Louis and Mary Leakey discover 'Zinjanthropus' at Olduvai Gorge.

full independence

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiii

Extract Date: 1961 December 9

See also

Extract ID: 1246

TT gains full independence from Great Britain.

republic

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiii

Extract Date: 1962 December 9

See also

Extract ID: 1247

Tanganyika becomes a republic.

foreign policy difficulties

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiv

Extract Date: 1964-1966

See also

Extract ID: 1254

Tanzania experiences foreign policy difficulties with West Germany over an East German presence in Zanzibar, and with the US over an alleged plot to overthrow the Tanzanian government.

mutiny

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiv

Extract Date: 1964 January 20

See also

Extract ID: 1248

The First Battalion of the Tanganyika Rifles mutiny in Dar es Salaam for higher pay and the dismissal of their expatriate British Officers. The government requests British troops to help quell the rebellion.

Tanganyika and Zanzibar unite

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiv

Extract Date: 1964 April 26

See also

Extract ID: 1249

Republic of Tanganyika and People's Republic of Zanzibar unite to form United Repubic of Tanzania and Zanzibar.

The country is renamed

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxiv

Extract Date: 1964 October 29

See also

Extract ID: 1253

Following consultations, the country is renamed the United Republic of Tanzania.

big game hunting

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxvii

Extract Date: 1990 August 1

See also

Extract ID: 1255

As part of an effort to encourage foreign-exchange earnings from tourism, Tanzania rescinds a 17-year ban on big game hunting and permits limited shooting between August and November. Prohibitions remain in place against hunting elephant, lion and rhinoceros.

lifts its ban on elephant hunting

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxviii

Extract Date: 1992 March 5

See also

Extract ID: 1256

Tanzania lifts its ban on elephant hunting

bans tree harvesting

Ofcansky, Thomas P and Yeager, Rodger Historical Dictionary of Tanzania 1997

Page Number: xxviii

Extract Date: 1993 November 28

See also

Extract ID: 1208

The Tanzanian government bans tree harvesting on Mount Kilimanjaro to save Africa's highest peak from environmental degradation.

www.nTZ.info